The condensed story of the science behind P N E T
Preserved Natural Entanglement Technology
The unique and patented stabilization technique ensures that the natural cross-linked and entangled HA network is kept in place by introducing a limited number of synthetic cross- links, i.e. minimal modification
Cross linking process
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Ideal cross linking: 100% of BDDE participate in cross linking, No not-linked BDDE exists.
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Some BDDE partially participated in cross linked(open cross linked), reported to causes adverse event
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USA FDA guide line: below 2 ppm of open cross linked/non-cross linked BDDE
Well combination
Combined with hyaluronic acid fragmented during the reaction process (pendant)
Well combination
Open cross linked BDDE
Free BDDE
PNET (Preserved Natural Entanglement Technology)
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PNET (Preserved Natural Entanglement Technology)
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Increasing crosslinking efficacy (Low BDDE) leads to minimize Open-cross linked BDDE
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Inactive open-cross linked BDDE through 1st cleaning process
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Eliminate free BDDE again in 2nd cleaning process
• Degree of modification (MoD) reflects deviation from natural HA
• Low MoD = more similar to natural HA = preserves biocompatibility
PNET Stabilization
Minimal modification of HA to stabilize the natural network
Traditional Cross-linking
Extensive modification of HA
